Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease of the pancreas with multifactorial causes. One of them: a sharp violation of the norms of consumption of fatty foods, overeating, alcohol addiction. Compliance with special dietary rules for pancreatitis is half the success in treatment.
The diet for pancreatitis is designed to replace and supplement the menu with those substances that are poorly processed due to a lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients think that nutritional therapy for pancreatitis is no different from diet 5a and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable because most individuals initially received long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstone disease, or hepatitis. They are well familiar with tables 5a and 5, which establish the necessary nutritional standards for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, diet 5a will have to be modified. Changes occurring when the pancreas is damaged require correction of the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". It has increased protein content up to 150 g (in No. 5 100–120 g), reduced the amount of fat (in No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (in No. 5 at least 300 g). The rules of cooking and restricting the choice of food remain common.
Essential dietary requirements
The proposed dietary rules # 5p do not exclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum unloading of the pancreas.
- Cook food only boiled, stewed, baked or steamed. The frying method is completely prohibited.
- Observe the sparing of the damaged organ by grinding all dishes during the most acute stage of the disease.
- Moderate temperature is required (no sharp fluctuations from cold to hot).
- It is necessary to feed the patient with small amounts of food, but after every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid abundant one-time meals, overeating even diet meals.
- Maintain a daily caloric intake of at least 3000 kcal.
Recommended dietary tables according to Povzner take into account options for periods of exacerbation and beyond, when the pain has disappeared, but maintaining and continuing proper nutrition in pancreatitis is very important.
5p diet option for exacerbation of pancreatitis
Clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the exacerbation stage (sharp pains, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat in the usual way. The treatment regimen requires complete fasting for two to four days. You can't drink either; in the first days, the liquid is injected intravenously.
After stopping vomiting and pain, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. Its goal is to reduce the formation of gastric acid and enable the pancreas to concentrate all its forces on the process of struggle for survival.
The diet allows for a period of use no longer than two weeks, since its composition is not balanced (proteins are reduced to 60 g, fats up to 50 g, carbohydrates up to 200-280 g, with a total calorie content of 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The menu of the dietary table of a patient with pancreatitis consists of mashed mucous cereal soups, liquid cereals on water (semolina and rice are excluded), vegetable mashed potatoes or carrots with the addition of zucchini, boiled pumpkin (cabbage in all types is excluded), jelly, jelly, puddings, a few white crackers. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink water up to 2 liters, rosehip decoction, slightly sweet weak tea. After this option, on the recommendation of a doctor, they switch to the second type of food.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The beginning of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of temperature, a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea, and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is expanding, but the maximum norms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are observed. It is necessary to include a vitamin set in the current therapeutic diet to activate the body's defenses. The patient will have to adhere to this diet all his life.
Diet for pancreatitis categorically prohibits:
- fatty meat, fish and rich vegetarian (with cabbage or mushrooms) soups;
- fatty meats of beef and pork, duck;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot snacks, sauces, canned food in any form, sausages;
- rich pastries, culinary creams, chocolate, pies, black bread;
- from vegetables the diet for pancreatitis does not recommend radishes, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach;
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- dried white bread or croutons, dry biscuits;
- steamed, oven-baked, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and meat casseroles;
- soups from cereals, with noodles, you can season with sour cream;
- non-acidic cottage cheese, hard cheese varieties;
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the plate, no more than a tablespoon per day;
- semi-liquid porridge, boiled in water or diluted milk;
- unsweetened baked apples, jelly or fruit compote;
- lightly brewed tea with milk or rose hips in broth, slightly sweetened.
The diet for pancreatitis in remission recommends the following sample menu for a working person for the day:
- Breakfast before work - you can make a steam protein omelet from two eggs or half a portion of oatmeal in milk, tea with milk.
- Breakfast # 2 (at lunchtime) - take boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a pack of cottage cheese, if at work there is an opportunity to heat it up in the microwave, be sure to use it.
- Slightly sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - vegetarian potato soup half a plate, steamed meatballs with vegetable puree, apple jelly on xylitol.
- Dinner - a piece of boiled chicken, cottage cheese casserole, tea with milk.
- At night (no later than 21 hours) fruit jelly on xylitol.
It is possible to take unpolished vegetables and fruits, as well as expand the diet only with the agreement of a doctor, after an examination, to make sure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and that there is no inflammation.